Yasen class submarine
approximate scheme of Yasen-class submarine |
| Class overview |
| Name: |
Yasen |
| Operators: |
Russian Navy |
| Preceded by: |
Akula class |
| Building: |
1 |
| Planned: |
10[1] |
| Completed: |
1 (in trials)[2], 4 on order |
| Active: |
0 |
| General characteristics |
| Displacement: |
5,800–7,700–9,500 surfaced
11,800 submerged |
| Length: |
120m[3] |
| Beam: |
15m[3] |
| Draught: |
8,4m |
| Propulsion: |
1x KPM type pressurized water reactor |
| Speed: |
20kn surfaced, 28kn submerged silent, 35kn+ submerged max[4] |
| Range: |
unlimited except by food supplies |
| Test depth: |
600 meters |
| Complement: |
95 [~30–35 officers] |
Sensors and
processing systems: |
Rim Hat ESM/ECM Snoop Pair Surface Search Radar |
| Armament: |
8 VLS P-800 Oniks or RK-55 Granat missiles, 10x torpedo tubes (8x650mm and 2x533mm). |
The Yasen-class submarine (Russian: Проект 885 "Ясень", "ash tree"), also known in the literature as the Graney class (erroneous) and Severodvinsk class, is a new Russian nuclear multipurpose attack submarine class.[5][6][7] The class is based on the Akula-class submarine and the Alfa-class submarines and is projected to replace Russia's Soviet-era class attack submarines, both Akula class and Oscar class.
History
Construction on the first submarine started on 21 December 1993. The submarine was slated for launch in 1998 but was delayed due to problems in financing the project. In 1996 work on the submarine appeared to have stopped completely. Some reports suggested that as of 1999 the submarine was less than 10 percent completed.[8] In 2003 the project received additional funding and the work of finishing the submarine continued.
In 2004 it was reported that the work on the submarine was moving forward, but due to the priority given to the new SSBN Borei-class submarine, Severodvinsk, the lead unit of the Yasen class would not be ready before 2010. In July 2006 the deputy chairman of the Military-Industrial Commission, Vladislav Putilin, stated that two Yasen-class submarines were to join the Russian Navy before 2015.[9]
On 24 July 2009 the work on a second Yasen submarine, named Kazan, was started. On 26 July the Russian navy command announced that one multipurpose submarine would be laid down every year, not necessarily of this class, starting in 2011.[10]
An August 2009 report from the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence estimates the Yasen-class submarines as the quietest, or least detectable, of contemporaneous Russian and Chinese nuclear submarines.[11][12]
In April 2010 it was reported that the 7 May launch of the first boat had been postponed due to 'Technical Reasons'.[13][14]
The launch of the first ship of this class and the beginning of sea trials was reported in September 2011.[15]
A third submarine is expected to be laid down by the end of 2011.[16] K-329 Severodvinsk went on her first voyage in September 2011 in order to conduct sea trials.[17]
On November 9 2011 Russia signed a contract for 4 Yasen class submarines to be delivered by 2016.[18]
Costs
It was speculated that the cost of the first Yasen-class submarine was around 1 billion USD.[19] Although another source claims that the price was actually 2 billion USD.[20][21] Recent reports from unnamed sources speculate that the first-of-class (Severodvinsk) unit cost was 50 billion rubles (roughly 1.6 billion USD)[22][23]while the second boat (Kazan) will cost an estimated 110 billion rubles (3.5 billion USD). This would make Kazan the most expensive SSN/SSGN in the world together with USS Jimmy Carter (SSN-23).[24] A single Yasen class submarine allegedly costs as much as two Borei class submarines.[25][26]
Description
The vessel's design is claimed to be state-of-the-art. The Yasen-class nuclear submarine is presumed to be armed with cruise missiles, with several types suggested, but not limited to the 3M51 Alfa SLCM, the P-800 Oniks SLCM or the RK-55 Granat SLCM.[4] It will also have of 8x650 mm and 2x533 mm tubes as well as mines and anti-ship missiles such as the RPK-7.
This class is the first Russian submarine to be equipped with a spherical sonar, designated as Irytysh-Amfora. Due to the large size of this spherical array, the torpedo tubes are slanted. The submarine has a crew of about 90, suggesting a moderate degree of automation in the submarine's different systems. The newest U.S. attack sub, the Virginia-class submarine, has a crew of 134 in comparison.
Yasen-class submarines will be the first Russian SSNs/SSGNs equipped with a fourth generation nuclear reactor.[27]
Units
Deployment
None to date. Unit still fitting out after being launched.
Satellite photos
The first unit K-329 Severodvinsk can be seen in the waters of the naval base/submarine manufacturing/scrap base of Severodvinsk, Russia The image suggests that the Yasen true length is about 140m.
References and sources
- ^ 22.08.2011 (22 August 2011). "Russia to build ten Yasen-class subs". Rusnavy.com. http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=12780. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia's new attack submarine goes for sea trials | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20110912/166792371.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ a b c "The place on a building berth was occupied with "Kazan" Russian: Место на стапеле заняла "Казань"" (in ru). 21st century weapon (Rossiyskaya Gazeta). http://rg.ru/2009/07/27/podlodka.html. Retrieved 2009-08-24.
- ^ a b John Pike. "Graney Class – Project 885 Yasen". Globalsecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/885-specs.htm. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russian Navy prioritizes construction of nuclear submarines". RIA Novosti. 25 July 2008. http://en.rian.ru/russia/20080725/114927762.html. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Blank, Stephen J.; Richard Weitz (July 2010). "The Russian Military Today and Tomorrow: Essays in Memory of Mary Fitzgerald". Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) | U.S. Army War College. p. 349. http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB997.pdf. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ Maerli, Morten Bremer. "Components of Naval Nuclear Fuel Transparency". http://www.nato.int/acad/fellow/99-01/maerli.pdf. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ John Pike. "Graney Class – Project 885 Yasen". Globalsecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/885.htm. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia Chooses Its Future Armament | Авиатранспортное обозрение". Ato.ru. 14 March 2006. http://www.ato.ru/content/russia-chooses-its-future-armament. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia to lay down one multipurpose submarine a year from 2011 | Russia | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 26 July 2009. http://en.rian.ru/russia/20090726/155627360.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ (PDF) The People’s Liberation Army Navy, A Modern Navy with Chinese Characteristics. Office of Naval Intelligence. August 2009. p. 22. http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/145117.pdf. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Sub_Noise_Comparison_ENG.svg/800px-Sub_Noise_Comparison_ENG.svg.png
- ^ "News 14th April 2010". Naval-technology.com. http://www.naval-technology.com/news/news82270.html?WT.mc_id=DN_News. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia delays launch of new nuclear submarine | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 13 April 2010. http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20100413/158558296.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia's new attack submarine goes for sea trials | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. http://www.en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20110912/166792371.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia set to start construction of 3rd Graney class nuclear sub | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 17 March 2011. http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20110317/163057922.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Google Переводчик" (in (Russian)). Translate.googleusercontent.com. http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ru&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=ru&tl=en&u=http://www.topwar.ru/6782-yasen-nachal-hodovye-ispytaniya.html&usg=ALkJrhhgtuuXJ0PHeTk5KdlER24YF5fZMg. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ http://bmpd.livejournal.com/105985.html
- ^ "New Russian nuclear submarine will not enter serial production – paper | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 16 June 2010. http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20100616/159443826.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia launches long-awaited submarine | Features & Opinion | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 16 June 2010. http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20100616/159452336.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russians Launch First Yasen-class Submarine; Others in Doubt? | Center for Strategic and International Studies". Csis.org. 17 June 2010. http://csis.org/blog/russians-launch-first-yasen-class-submarine-others-doubt. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "п▒п╟п╫п╨ п═п╬я│я│п╦п╦". Cbr.ru. 14 October 2011. http://www.cbr.ru/. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=13527
- ^ "SSN 23 Jimmy Carter / MMP". Deagel.com. http://www.deagel.com/Nuclear-Attack-Submarines/SSN-23-Jimmy-Carter_a000493002.aspx. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Google Переводчик" (in (Russian)). Google. http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=ru&sl=ru&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.severnyflot.ru%2F. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "«Северный флот... Не подведёт!»: Проект «Ясень» оказался слишком дорогим и избыточно мощным для нашей армии". Severnyflot.ru. http://www.severnyflot.ru/news.php?extend.2359. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ 2.3 Development of naval reactors – Bellona
- ^ 24.12.2009 (24 December 2009). "SSN Severodvinsk to start mooring trials in December". Rusnavy.com. http://rusnavy.com/news/newsofday/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=8420. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Russia to float out new nuclear submarine after delay | Defense | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. 15 June 2010. http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20100615/159429403.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ 18/10/2011 10:19 (15 June 2010). "Russia floats out new nuclear submarine | Image galleries | RIA Novosti". En.rian.ru. http://en.rian.ru/photolents/20100615/159435016.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ 07.09.2010. "Новые фото с церемонии вывода АПК "Северодвинск" из стапельного цеха". Flot.com. http://flot.com/news/vpk/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=54328. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20111203/169275854.html
- ^ a b АПЛ "Ясень"
- ^ Text: Trude Pettersen (26 June 2009). "New attack submarine will be called “Kazan”". BarentsObserver. http://www.barentsobserver.com/new-attack-submarine-will-be-called-kazan.4610844.html. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Оружие: На "Севмаше" заложили новую атомную подлодку для ВМФ России". Lenta.ru. http://www.lenta.ru/news/2009/07/24/sub/. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20111203/169275854.html
Soviet and Russian submarines after 1945
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| Ballistic missile nuclear submarines – SSBN |
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| Cruise missile nuclear submarines – SSGN |
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| Nuclear attack submarines – SSN |
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| Conventional missile submarines – SSG or SSB |
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| Conventional attack submarines – SS or SSK |
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| Auxiliary submarines – SSA |
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